I. Equilibrium and Non-Equilibrium Superconducting Quantum Interference Phenomena. II. Applications of Superconducting Quantum Magnetometer

Experimental investigations were made on the equilibrium and nonequilibrium quantum interference phenomena in superconductors. A new instrument was developed for measuring magnetic susceptibility and moment with an improvement of sensitivity of nearly two orders of magnitude over the conventional magnetometers. A quantitative determination was made on the relaxation rate of a perturbed superconducting phase to relax back to its equilibrium state. The temperature-dependent relaxation time is found to be consistent with the known quasiparticle relaxation time in nonequilibrium superconductors. The effect of relaxation processes on macroscopic quantum interference phenomena was observed for the first time through the temperature modulation of quantum interference in multiply connected superconducting circuits, and implies a modification of the Josephson frequency-voltage relationship. A relaxation model was developed and found adequate to account for nearly all the experimental results. The development and performance of an ultrasensitive superconducting magnetometer instrument based on various unique properties of superconductors were discussed. Applications of this instrument over a temperature range of 200°K in the fields of magnetochemistry, paleomagnetism and the study of fluctuation effects in superconductivity were illustrated with actual data.</p

Predicting Oral Disintegrating Tablet Formulations by Neural Network Techniques

Oral Disintegrating Tablets (ODTs) is a novel dosage form that can be dissolved on the tongue within 3min or less especially for geriatric and pediatric patients. Current ODT formulation studies usually rely on the personal experience of pharmaceutical experts and trial-and-error in the laboratory, which is inefficient and time-consuming. The aim of current research was to establish the prediction model of ODT formulations with direct compression process by Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Deep Neural Network (DNN) techniques. 145 formulation data were extracted from Web of Science. All data sets were divided into three parts: training set (105 data), validation set (20) and testing set (20). ANN and DNN were compared for the prediction of the disintegrating time. The accuracy of the ANN model has reached 85.60%, 80.00% and 75.00% on the training set, validation set and testing set respectively, whereas that of the DNN model was 85.60%, 85.00% and 80.00%, respectively. Compared with the ANN, DNN showed the better prediction for ODT formulations. It is the first time that deep neural network with the improved dataset selection algorithm is applied to formulation prediction on small data. The proposed predictive approach could evaluate the critical parameters about quality control of formulation, and guide research and process development. The implementation of this prediction model could effectively reduce drug product development timeline and material usage, and proactively facilitate the development of a robust drug product.Comment: This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajps.2018.01.00

A preliminary study on the key factors contributing to the attractive lips of Chinese children

AbstractObjectiveTo explore the aesthetic characteristics of the Chinese children lips.MethodsFrontal and profile photographs of 653 healthy children were categorized as the attractive and the unattractive by three laypersons and objectively measured for comparison.ResultsThe attractive group tended to be smaller in the upper paramedian red lip height, the lower paramedian red lip height, the midline upper red lip height, the central bow angle, and the lip angle, while greater in the Cupid's bow width.ConclusionsThinner lips seemed to be more attractive than full ones among Chinese children

Weakly superconducting circuits

An equivalent circuit has been developed for the time-dependent dissipating state of superconductivity which accompanies quantum phase slip. This equivalent circuit is used here to analyze the superconducting thin-film ring magnetometer and to determine its operating characteristics in terms of measurable circuit parameters

Parametric Investigations at the Head-Disk Interface of Thermal Fly-Height Control Sliders in Contact

Accurate touchdown power detection is a prerequisite for read-write head-to-disk spacing calibration and control in current hard disk drives, which use the thermal fly-height control slider technology. The slider air bearing surface and head gimbal assembly design have a significant influence on the touchdown behavior, and this paper reports experimental findings to help understand the touchdown process. The dominant modes/frequencies of excitation at touchdown can be significantly different leading to very different touchdown signatures. The pressure under the slider at touchdown and hence the thermal fly-height control efficiency as well as the propensity for lubricant pickup show correlation with touchdown behavior which may be used as metrics for designing sliders with good touchdown behavior. Experiments are devised to measure friction at the head-disk interface of a thermal fly-height control slider actuated into contact. Parametric investigations on the effect of disk roughness, disk lubricant parameters, and air bearing surface design on the friction at the head-disk interface and slider burnishing/wear are conducted and reported

Eliminating temporal correlation in quantum-dot entangled photon source by quantum interference

Semiconductor quantum dots, as promising solid-state platform, have exhibited deterministic photon pair generation with high polarization entanglement f\textcompwordmark idelity for quantum information applications. However, due to temporal correlation from inherently cascaded emission, photon indistinguishability is limited, which restricts their potential scalability to multi-photon experiments. Here, by utilizing quantum interferences to decouple polarization entanglement from temporal correlation, we improve multi-photon entanglement f\textcompwordmark idelity from $(58.7\pm 2.2)\%$ to $(75.5\pm 2.0)\%$. Our work paves the way to realize scalable and high-quality multi-photon states from quantum dots

Magnetic metal organic frameworks (MOFs) composite for removal of lead and malachite green in wastewater

We designed and synthesized a magnetic metal organic frameworks (MOFs) composite, Cu-MOFs/FeO as the adsorbent for removal of lead (Pb(II)) and malachite green (MG) in wastewater. This Cu-MOFs/FeO can be easily prepared by in-situ growth of Cu-MOFs with doping FeO nanoparticles. The prepared Cu-MOFs/FeO composite was well characterized by SEM, XRD, and FTIR spectra. The adsorption experiments found that Cu-MOFs/FeO can serve as adsorbent for removal of Pb(II) and MG simultaneously. The adsorption capacities were found to be 113.67 mg/g for MG and 219.00 mg/g for Pb, respectively, which are significantly higher than reported materials. Adsorption isotherm, kinetics and recyclability of Cu-MOFs/FeO for removal of Pb(II) and MG were then studied. Adsorption of Pb(II) and MG exhibited Freundlich adsorption isotherm model, with the adsorption kinetics of available second-order kinetic. Physical adsorption for MG and chemical adsorption for Pb(II) were confirmed by Dubinin-Radushkevich (D-R) isothermal adsorption model. The adsorption of Pb(II) and MG in real water samples were then studied. The FeO/Cu-MOFs was found to be recyclable for removal of Pb(II) and MG, can be explored as the potential adsorbent for waste water treatment